The human papilloma virus

The human papilloma virus (hpv) is found exclusively in the basal layer of the skin, and the reproduction is developed in the upper layers. This disease is characterized by chronic relapses.

More information on hpv, its description

The hpv infected more than half of the population of the Earth. Part of them are simply carriers of the disease, and others, this virus manifests itself as papillomatosis of the skin, mucous membranes. Sometimes it is a viral disease which can be cancer-causing degeneration of the cells. Hpv is an infection of the collection of Papovaviridea, that can infect and modify the epithelial cells. It is a neoplasm benign formed in any area of the body:

• the neck;
• under the chest;
• in the stomach;
• the face;
• in the genitals;
• in the armpits;
• the mucous membranes of the oral, usefulness and cavities, on the lips;
• in the mucous membranes of the internal organs.

This infection refers to the intracellular parasites, which are unable to reproduce by itself, and for this they use the cells of the human body. The virus injects its dna into the human chromosomes, and thus parasitizes the enough time. The decrease in immunity can observe a marked intensification of this disease. From this fact derives the necessity of treatment for hpv. The development of this infection occurs in the cells of the body, but exist outside of it, he could too, but not for a long time. While in the cells of a living organism is called a failure in their division.

The period of incubation and the stage of development

The incubation period of the virus is different. For this type of virus is own of the hidden stream. Are subclinical shape the course of the disease is characterized by the emergence of imperceptible in the simple inspection of the eruptions, which cause patient discomfort in the genital area. Immediately, you can get several types of human. Under the influence of some factors the virus becomes active and starts to reproduce, and the disease enters into the period of clinical manifestations. In 90 % of cases of six-month year are resolved by themselves, in some cases, you can occur the chronic disease of the appellant to a term of probabilities of a malignant tumor (depends on the type of virus). The disease develops in four stages (phases):

1 phase (initial) – dormant during human papillomavirus infection. Virus in the body, but does not manifest itself, does not cause the transformation in the cells. At this time you can identify the analysis of the pcr;

2 – is produce clinical signs – in the form of growths on the skin. The virus causes the acceleration of the division of epidermal cells. At this stage the virus is detected when the completion of the pcr, cytology and histology (detects the presence of hyperkeratosis);

3 – dysplasia. Changes the structure of the cells (colorful) – this is seen under the microscope, as well as the dna of the virus begins to interact with the dna of the cells and causes the development of the so-called integrated way. For diagnosis using pcr, the methods of the cytology and the histology, as well as the colposcopy;

4 stage – carcinoma. The development of the virus of the cause of the mutation of the cells and the appearance of the malignant cells. Is invasive form of cancer. The diagnosis occurs of all of these techniques and of clinical manifestations.

The types of hpv

It has been defined more than one hundred types of hpv, which infect urogenitalny the trajectory of the person, which affect the epithelium of the skin and mucous membranes of the genital organs – 35 species. For all the hpv types using the classification based on the type manifest warts, rashes and other skin manifestations. Them the classification of hpv with the description looks like this:

• the different types of warts – for his appearance is responsible for hpv 1-5 type;
• plantar warts (that remind you of the corn) – 1-4 types of hpv. They usually form in places where it is produced, scratches, calluses or grip. In these areas the skin becomes more thick and with just the press causes unpleasant sensations. These warts do not go away and the need for surgery removal. There are two types of plantar warts. A type of root deeply into the tissue and severe pain of the other type remember, multiple tumors, as if glued to each other in such type of warts almost not brings the sensation of pain
• flat warts– 3, 5, 10, 28, 49 types. Most often affect the palm of the hand, the face. Normally found here in young people and therefore this type of warts is called the youth. The body is often the cope with this infection;
• common warts – 27 type of hpv;
• warts vulgar – virus type-2 (as a general rule, the body itself is handled with this type of virus). Is transmitted

• acuminate warts, that affects women in the vagina, the vulva, vagina, cervix, anus, men can be on the head of the penis, the foreskin, is also the location in the airways – types of 6, 11, 13, 16,18, 33, 35;
• Hpv high-risk carcinogen, causes pre-cancerous state – 39 type;
• is warty epidermodysplasia. Can be of two types: caused by hpv 5, 8, 47 types of skin cancer in 9 cases out of 10 that this virus is in the blood of the patient, and the other type, caused by hpv, 14, 20, 21, 25 types typically cause benign tumors;
• laryngeal papillomatosis — a virus of 11 floors. It is usually passed from the mother to the child, but maybe the infection during oral sex. Causes difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, if the number of papillomas big – worsens with breathing;
• boveney papulez. This aspect is of 16, 18, 31-35, 42, 48, 51-54 types of hpv. Can often occur to the representatives of the male half, they have a lot of sexual partners. Apparently these cards do not appear semicircular or flat growths with smooth or rough surface, the color is vary from very light to almost black. The disease can pass through itself, is neocolony type of virus.

The symptoms and the specific features of the incidence of hpv in men, women, and children

To combat the infection in the early stages of the immunity of the person is strong enough. Often the disease does not develop and the presence of hpv, the person is not conscious, as well as external, symptoms may not manifest. But after some time (months or years), you may experience some of the symptoms of the hpv infection. The statistics says it all about the 5-10 % of patients, in whom are present the outer, the symptoms of the disease hpv (Human papillomavirus). The disease is asymptomatic — and the bulk of the sick do not have symptoms of the disease. When the activation of the viruses can produce tumors of different types, which speak of the presence in the organism of different types of hpv. Place of the location they also talk about the type of virus. For example, the papilloma, have a smooth appearance elongated growths (filiform warts), which is fixed in the upright, color may not be different from the color of the skin, but sometimes pigmented. May appear rod-shaped growths, soft to the touch and pinkish.

The women of the specificity of the evolution of the disease is such, that the development of the disease may occur, and of hidden, and sometimes causes the formation of genital warts. When you contract the virus, women may not observe any kind of symptoms until menopause, at which time the virus can lead to malignancy of the cells of the mucosa of the genital organs. Prevent the onset of development of cancer of neck of uterus caused by the presence of hpv, it will help to regular medical examination. As well as outwardly, this disease can not exercise. Children under the influence of the virus may develop warts on the skin, papillomatosis of the larynx (usually in the chronic return of your form). Papillomatosis of the larynx causes respiratory problems, until the syndrome of choking. The skin of the wart are present in 12% of the students, is the most common dermatologic disease in children.

Hpv and pregnancy

The hpv of a pregnant woman is not a dangerous condition for her and the future of the child. The mother-there is not more to be on their guard, if it is detected 6 or 11 types of hpv cause genitals or condyloma anal), that during the transmission to the newborn can have consequences in the form of respiratory papilomatosisy. With the presence of condylomata in quantity or places that prevent the expulsion of the fetus you can assign the c-section, as well as normal labor and delivery, genital warts can lead to the development of the hemorrhage. All other forms of papilloma (announcements of the injury) are not dangerous for the child and the course of pregnancy.

Diagnosis and who needs to go

For the diagnosis the human papillomavirus apply the following research methods:

• staff of the inspection of the patient;
• a blood tests;
• colposcopy;
• the cytology of the stroke – test pap;
• the histology of the tissue;
• Pcr – polymerase chain reaction. This analysis allows you to not only learn about the presence of a virus, but also determine its type. But if the analysis is positive, this does not mean that this type of hpv will not be performed independently. This analysis also defines the types of the papilloma virus;
• urethroscopy;
• the biopsy.

If the external signs in the form of eruptions are not, the patient's complaints do not exist, and the presence of hpv dna is defined only by the analysis – you can go transient infection by the virus (the man is the carrier). Because hpv can be the cause of the diseases of the different organs, when their presence is directed to physicians of different directions. If you have warts in the skin of the face and body is go to a dermatologist. When plantar warts – a dermatologist or a surgeon. When the warts men, to a urologist (surgeon), in the of women to the gynecologist (surgeon). If the condyloma are present in the area of the anal opening, then it is necessary to resort to the proctologist. If it is suspected barodawala epidermodysplasia to a dermatologist or an oncologist. Laryngeal papillomatosis requires the use of an audiologist or physician surgeon, boveney papulez – you should consult a urologist or venereal diseases. It also requires a differential diagnosis with other diseases such as micropapilomatosis, vestibular papillomatosis – that, unlike hpv, do not require treatment, as in case of similarity of external signs are an anatomical variant of normal. Of the transcription regulatory values, blood analysis will show the absence of hpv.

The treatment of the

So it completely cures the hpv or not? Today there are no known anti-viral drug capable of eliminating the hpv from the body. Different interferons and other drugs of this series – only reduce the already existing genital warts, but do not reduce the frequency of appearance of new. The main form of treatment is the removal of papillomas. The main methods of removal are the following:

• surgical. It is performed under local anesthesia;
• the radiosurgery. Radiowave electrode cut carcinogenesis, koaguliruut vessels. After antiseptic the bandage;
• laser printer. This method is the proximity and without the shedding of blood. At the site of removal continues to be the bark, below it occurs the healing. The disadvantage of the method is considered to be a high risk of recurrence of the disease, relatively high price and the need to rectify scars;
• take a electrocoagulation. Of the results and of the efficacy is similar to the previous two fashion;
• cryocoagulation. The complete removal of papillomas occurs after the conclusion of several sessions.

Although with the help of these methods and the complete elimination of the external manifestations of the virus, this is not considered absolute, referred to the national liberation of the infection, but only relative, because the man does not cease to be an infected person, and after a certain period of warts can appear again. A universal non-operative treatment for all categories of patients (men, women, and children) does not exist. An alternative may count only with laser removal. But when you have the risk of malignancy (malignancy) papillomas. After the operation the patient is prescribed an infusion of a steroid dose of the drug, which prevents inflammation, also prescribed antibiotics to prevent infection of the wound. During the treatment of the hpv completely stop sexual activity until the healing of the same, as well as the completion of a survey and, if necessary, the treatment of the couple.

Treatment in the home, and the media

In addition to traditional methods of treatment, use, and other, recognized by the medicine, and that can be done at home:

• Treatment of warts salicylic acid. Each day you should treat the warts with an acid solution (15-20%). This method has a drawback: the treatment should be done during a time much longer;
• The treatment with the cream. I grease the warts three times a week. But the application can feel itchy, it is possible to erosion, redness of the skin;
• Retinoids in a cream form. Warts treated during 12 weeks. Its use is also prohibited during pregnancy;
• The injection in the focus of the infection once every 7 days, for three to four weeks. It is prohibited to use during pregnancy;
• Cauterization of warts, papillomas, and destroy the pathogenic germs. Treat the wart it is necessary to constantly in the course of an hour. Then rest a week and carries out another process. If the skin tag does not go away, after 14 days it becomes a manipulation, and so not more than 4 procedures. It prohibits the use of the senile warts and in pediatrics;

If to speak about the treatment purely remedies, here popularity has earned it the use of the celandine. Its juice processed the wart several times a day. When darkened, the dark of the skin are removed, and are still spot on, until the complete elimination of the warts.

The prevention of the disease

The main measures of prevention are:

• the compliance of personal hygiene in the common areas;
• the compliance of a healthy lifestyle, keeping the immunity;
• one permanent sexual partner, sex with non-authenticated partner – use a condom;
• an adequate intake of vitamins;
• your sex life doesn't before the age of 18, when the mucus of the cervix is already sufficiently mature and able to defend itself;
• avoid induced abortions and bad sex;
• to a time to heal inflammatory diseases.

When you perform the vaccination can sometimes be observed some of the side effects in the form of deterioration of well-being, increased temperature, redness of the skin in the place of administration of the vaccine.